Conditions
Conditions linked to semen analysis
Plain-language guides to low sperm count, oligospermia, azoospermia, asthenozoospermia and varicocele.
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Short answer
These pages explain terms that appear after a semen analysis or an examination. They are not a way to diagnose yourself. Azoospermia and a very low sperm number need clinical assessment. A varicocele is diagnosed by examination, not by a calculator.
Key takeaways
- Low sperm count is the everyday phrase. Oligospermia is the concentration term.
- Azoospermia means no sperm were found. It is repeated promptly.
- Asthenozoospermia means low motility.
- Varicocele treatment is considered only in specific circumstances.
Related
Sources
- Fertility problems: assessment and treatment (NG257) — NICE, 2026
- Low sperm count — NHS
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility in Men: AUA/ASRM Guideline (amended 2024) — American Urological Association, 2024
How this page was prepared
Drafted with automated research assistance and checked against the cited primary sources. A named clinician has not reviewed this page. Medical review is pending. Changes to reference values are not published automatically.